/*
* Copyright 2006 Jeremias Maerki in part, and ZXing Authors in part
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
/*
* This file has been modified from its original form in Barcode4J.
*/
using System;
#if (SILVERLIGHT4 || SILVERLIGHT5 || NET40 || NET45 || NET46 || NET47 || NETFX_CORE || NETSTANDARD) && !NETSTANDARD1_0
using System.Numerics;
#else
using BigIntegerLibrary;
#endif
using System.Text;
using ZXing.Common;
namespace ZXing.PDF417.Internal
{
/// <summary>
/// PDF417 high-level encoder following the algorithm described in ISO/IEC 15438:2001(E) in
/// annex P.
/// </summary>
internal static class PDF417HighLevelEncoder
{
/// <summary>
/// code for Text compaction
/// </summary>
private const int TEXT_COMPACTION = 0;
/// <summary>
/// code for Byte compaction
/// </summary>
private const int BYTE_COMPACTION = 1;
/// <summary>
/// code for Numeric compaction
/// </summary>
private const int NUMERIC_COMPACTION = 2;
/// <summary>
/// Text compaction submode Alpha
/// </summary>
private const int SUBMODE_ALPHA = 0;
/// <summary>
/// Text compaction submode Lower
/// </summary>
private const int SUBMODE_LOWER = 1;
/// <summary>
/// Text compaction submode Mixed
/// </summary>
private const int SUBMODE_MIXED = 2;
/// <summary>
/// Text compaction submode Punctuation
/// </summary>
private const int SUBMODE_PUNCTUATION = 3;
/// <summary>
/// mode latch to Text Compaction mode
/// </summary>
private const int LATCH_TO_TEXT = 900;
/// <summary>
/// mode latch to Byte Compaction mode (number of characters NOT a multiple of 6)
/// </summary>
private const int LATCH_TO_BYTE_PADDED = 901;
/// <summary>
/// mode latch to Numeric Compaction mode
/// </summary>
private const int LATCH_TO_NUMERIC = 902;
/// <summary>
/// mode shift to Byte Compaction mode
/// </summary>
private const int SHIFT_TO_BYTE = 913;
/// <summary>
/// mode latch to Byte Compaction mode (number of characters a multiple of 6)
/// </summary>
private const int LATCH_TO_BYTE = 924;
/// <summary>
/// identifier for a user defined Extended Channel Interpretation (ECI)
/// </summary>
private const int ECI_USER_DEFINED = 925;
/// <summary>
/// identifier for a general purpose ECO format
/// </summary>
private const int ECI_GENERAL_PURPOSE = 926;
/// <summary>
/// identifier for an ECI of a character set of code page
/// </summary>
private const int ECI_CHARSET = 927;
/// <summary>
/// Raw code table for text compaction Mixed sub-mode
/// </summary>
private static readonly sbyte[] TEXT_MIXED_RAW =
{
48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 38, 13, 9, 44, 58,
35, 45, 46, 36, 47, 43, 37, 42, 61, 94, 0, 32, 0, 0, 0
};
/// <summary>
/// Raw code table for text compaction: Punctuation sub-mode
/// </summary>
private static readonly sbyte[] TEXT_PUNCTUATION_RAW =
{
59, 60, 62, 64, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 126, 33, 13, 9, 44, 58,
10, 45, 46, 36, 47, 34, 124, 42, 40, 41, 63, 123, 125, 39, 0
};
private static readonly sbyte[] MIXED = new sbyte[128];
private static readonly sbyte[] PUNCTUATION = new sbyte[128];
internal static string DEFAULT_ENCODING_NAME = "ISO-8859-1";
static PDF417HighLevelEncoder()
{
//Construct inverse lookups
for (int idx = 0; idx < MIXED.Length; idx++)
MIXED[idx] = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < TEXT_MIXED_RAW.Length; i++)
{
sbyte b = TEXT_MIXED_RAW[i];
if (b > 0)
{
MIXED[b] = (sbyte)i;
}
}
for (int idx = 0; idx < PUNCTUATION.Length; idx++)
PUNCTUATION[idx] = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < TEXT_PUNCTUATION_RAW.Length; i++)
{
sbyte b = TEXT_PUNCTUATION_RAW[i];
if (b > 0)
{
PUNCTUATION[b] = (sbyte)i;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Performs high-level encoding of a PDF417 message using the algorithm described in annex P
/// of ISO/IEC 15438:2001(E). If byte compaction has been selected, then only byte compaction
/// is used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">the message</param>
/// <param name="compaction">compaction mode to use</param>
/// <param name="encoding">character encoding used to encode in default or byte compaction
/// or null for default / not applicable</param>
/// <param name="disableEci">if true, don't add an ECI segment for different encodings than default</param>
/// <returns>the encoded message (the char values range from 0 to 928)</returns>
internal static String encodeHighLevel(String msg, Compaction compaction, Encoding encoding, bool disableEci)
{
//the codewords 0..928 are encoded as Unicode characters
var sb = new StringBuilder(msg.Length);
if (encoding != null && !disableEci && String.Compare(DEFAULT_ENCODING_NAME, encoding.WebName, StringComparison.Ordinal) != 0)
{
CharacterSetECI eci = CharacterSetECI.getCharacterSetECIByName(encoding.WebName);
if (eci != null)
{
encodingECI(eci.Value, sb);
}
}
int len = msg.Length;
int p = 0;
int textSubMode = SUBMODE_ALPHA;
// User selected encoding mode
switch (compaction)
{
case Compaction.TEXT:
encodeText(msg, p, len, sb, textSubMode);
break;
case Compaction.BYTE:
var msgBytes = toBytes(msg, encoding);
encodeBinary(msgBytes, p, msgBytes.Length, BYTE_COMPACTION, sb);
break;
case Compaction.NUMERIC:
sb.Append((char) LATCH_TO_NUMERIC);
encodeNumeric(msg, p, len, sb);
break;
default:
int encodingMode = TEXT_COMPACTION; //Default mode, see 4.4.2.1
byte[] bytes = null;
while (p < len)
{
int n = determineConsecutiveDigitCount(msg, p);
if (n >= 13)
{
sb.Append((char) LATCH_TO_NUMERIC);
encodingMode = NUMERIC_COMPACTION;
textSubMode = SUBMODE_ALPHA; //Reset after latch
encodeNumeric(msg, p, n, sb);
p += n;
}
else
{
int t = determineConsecutiveTextCount(msg, p);
if (t >= 5 || n == len)
{
if (encodingMode != TEXT_COMPACTION)
{
sb.Append((char) LATCH_TO_TEXT);
encodingMode = TEXT_COMPACTION;
textSubMode = SUBMODE_ALPHA; //start with submode alpha after latch
}
textSubMode = encodeText(msg, p, t, sb, textSubMode);
p += t;
}
else
{
if (bytes == null)
{
bytes = toBytes(msg, encoding);
}
int b = determineConsecutiveBinaryCount(msg, bytes, p, encoding);
if (b == 0)
{
b = 1;
}
if (b == 1 && encodingMode == TEXT_COMPACTION)
{
//Switch for one byte (instead of latch)
encodeBinary(bytes, 0, 1, TEXT_COMPACTION, sb);
}
else
{
//Mode latch performed by encodeBinary()
encodeBinary(bytes,
toBytes(msg.Substring(0, p), encoding).Length,
toBytes(msg.Substring(p, b), encoding).Length,
encodingMode,
sb);
encodingMode = BYTE_COMPACTION;
textSubMode = SUBMODE_ALPHA; //Reset after latch
}
p += b;
}
}
}
break;
}
return sb.ToString();
}
private static Encoding getEncoder(Encoding encoding)
{
// Defer instantiating default Charset until needed, since it may be for an unsupported
// encoding.
if (encoding == null)
{
try
{
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(DEFAULT_ENCODING_NAME);
}
catch (Exception)
{
// continue
}
if (encoding == null)
{
// Fallbacks
try
{
#if WindowsCE
try
{
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(1252);
}
catch (PlatformNotSupportedException)
{
// WindowsCE doesn't support all encodings. But it is device depended.
// So we try here some different ones
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("CP437");
}
#else
// Silverlight supports only UTF-8 and UTF-16 out-of-the-box
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8");
#endif
}
catch (Exception uce)
{
throw new WriterException("No support for any encoding: " + DEFAULT_ENCODING_NAME, uce);
}
}
}
return encoding;
}
private static byte[] toBytes(String msg, Encoding encoding)
{
return getEncoder(encoding).GetBytes(msg);
}
private static byte[] toBytes(char msg, Encoding encoding)
{
return getEncoder(encoding).GetBytes(new []{msg});
}
/// <summary>
/// Encode parts of the message using Text Compaction as described in ISO/IEC 15438:2001(E),
/// chapter 4.4.2.
///
/// <param name="msg">the message</param>
/// <param name="startpos">the start position within the message</param>
/// <param name="count">the number of characters to encode</param>
/// <param name="sb">receives the encoded codewords</param>
/// <param name="initialSubmode">should normally be SUBMODE_ALPHA</param>
/// <returns>the text submode in which this method ends</returns>
/// </summary>
private static int encodeText(String msg,
int startpos,
int count,
StringBuilder sb,
int initialSubmode)
{
StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder(count);
int submode = initialSubmode;
int idx = 0;
while (true)
{
char ch = msg[startpos + idx];
switch (submode)
{
case SUBMODE_ALPHA:
if (isAlphaUpper(ch))
{
if (ch == ' ')
{
tmp.Append((char) 26); //space
}
else
{
tmp.Append((char) (ch - 65));
}
}
else
{
if (isAlphaLower(ch))
{
submode = SUBMODE_LOWER;
tmp.Append((char) 27); //ll
continue;
}
else if (isMixed(ch))
{
submode = SUBMODE_MIXED;
tmp.Append((char) 28); //ml
continue;
}
else
{
tmp.Append((char) 29); //ps
tmp.Append((char) PUNCTUATION[ch]);
break;
}
}
break;
case SUBMODE_LOWER:
if (isAlphaLower(ch))
{
if (ch == ' ')
{
tmp.Append((char) 26); //space
}
else
{
tmp.Append((char) (ch - 97));
}
}
else
{
if (isAlphaUpper(ch))
{
tmp.Append((char) 27); //as
tmp.Append((char) (ch - 65));
//space cannot happen here, it is also in "Lower"
break;
}
else if (isMixed(ch))
{
submode = SUBMODE_MIXED;
tmp.Append((char) 28); //ml
continue;
}
else
{
tmp.Append((char) 29); //ps
tmp.Append((char) PUNCTUATION[ch]);
break;
}
}
break;
case SUBMODE_MIXED:
if (isMixed(ch))
{
tmp.Append((char) MIXED[ch]);
}
else
{
if (isAlphaUpper(ch))
{
submode = SUBMODE_ALPHA;
tmp.Append((char) 28); //al
continue;
}
else if (isAlphaLower(ch))
{
submode = SUBMODE_LOWER;
tmp.Append((char) 27); //ll
continue;
}
else
{
if (startpos + idx + 1 < count)
{
char next = msg[startpos + idx + 1];
if (isPunctuation(next))
{
submode = SUBMODE_PUNCTUATION;
tmp.Append((char) 25); //pl
continue;
}
}
tmp.Append((char) 29); //ps
tmp.Append((char) PUNCTUATION[ch]);
}
}
break;
default: //SUBMODE_PUNCTUATION
if (isPunctuation(ch))
{
tmp.Append((char) PUNCTUATION[ch]);
}
else
{
submode = SUBMODE_ALPHA;
tmp.Append((char) 29); //al
continue;
}
break;
}
idx++;
if (idx >= count)
{
break;
}
}
char h = (char) 0;
int len = tmp.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
bool odd = (i%2) != 0;
if (odd)
{
h = (char) ((h*30) + tmp[i]);
sb.Append(h);
}
else
{
h = tmp[i];
}
}
if ((len%2) != 0)
{
sb.Append((char) ((h*30) + 29)); //ps
}
return submode;
}
/// <summary>
/// Encode parts of the message using Byte Compaction as described in ISO/IEC 15438:2001(E),
/// chapter 4.4.3. The Unicode characters will be converted to binary using the cp437
/// codepage.
///
/// <param name="bytes">the message converted to a byte array</param>
/// <param name="startpos">the start position within the message</param>
/// <param name="count">the number of bytes to encode</param>
/// <param name="startmode">the mode from which this method starts</param>
/// <param name="sb">receives the encoded codewords</param>
/// </summary>
private static void encodeBinary(byte[] bytes,
int startpos,
int count,
int startmode,
StringBuilder sb)
{
if (count == 1 && startmode == TEXT_COMPACTION)
{
sb.Append((char) SHIFT_TO_BYTE);
}
else
{
if ((count % 6) == 0)
{
sb.Append((char)LATCH_TO_BYTE);
}
else
{
sb.Append((char)LATCH_TO_BYTE_PADDED);
}
}
int idx = startpos;
// Encode sixpacks
if (count >= 6)
{
char[] chars = new char[5];
while ((startpos + count - idx) >= 6)
{
long t = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
t <<= 8;
t += bytes[idx + i] & 0xff;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
chars[i] = (char) (t%900);
t /= 900;
}
for (int i = chars.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
sb.Append(chars[i]);
}
idx += 6;
}
}
//Encode rest (remaining n<5 bytes if any)
for (int i = idx; i < startpos + count; i++)
{
int ch = bytes[i] & 0xff;
sb.Append((char) ch);
}
}
private static void encodeNumeric(String msg, int startpos, int count, StringBuilder sb)
{
#if (SILVERLIGHT4 || SILVERLIGHT5 || NET40 || NET45 || NET46 || NET47 || NETFX_CORE || NETSTANDARD) && !NETSTANDARD1_0
int idx = 0;
StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder(count/3 + 1);
BigInteger num900 = new BigInteger(900);
BigInteger num0 = new BigInteger(0);
while (idx < count - 1)
{
tmp.Length = 0;
int len = Math.Min(44, count - idx);
String part = '1' + msg.Substring(startpos + idx, len);
#if SILVERLIGHT4 || SILVERLIGHT5
BigInteger bigint = BigIntegerExtensions.Parse(part);
#else
BigInteger bigint = BigInteger.Parse(part);
#endif
do
{
BigInteger c = bigint%num900;
tmp.Append((char) c);
bigint = BigInteger.Divide(bigint, num900);
} while (!bigint.Equals(num0));
//Reverse temporary string
for (int i = tmp.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
sb.Append(tmp[i]);
}
idx += len;
}
#else
int idx = 0;
StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder(count / 3 + 1);
BigInteger num900 = new BigInteger(900);
BigInteger num0 = new BigInteger(0);
while (idx < count - 1)
{
tmp.Length = 0;
int len = Math.Min(44, count - idx);
String part = '1' + msg.Substring(startpos + idx, len);
BigInteger bigint = BigInteger.Parse(part);
do
{
BigInteger c = BigInteger.Modulo(bigint, num900);
tmp.Append((char)c.GetHashCode());
bigint = BigInteger.Division(bigint, num900);
} while (!bigint.Equals(num0));
//Reverse temporary string
for (int i = tmp.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
sb.Append(tmp[i]);
}
idx += len;
}
#endif
}
private static bool isDigit(char ch)
{
return ch >= '0' && ch <= '9';
}
private static bool isAlphaUpper(char ch)
{
return ch == ' ' || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z');
}
private static bool isAlphaLower(char ch)
{
return ch == ' ' || (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z');
}
private static bool isMixed(char ch)
{
return MIXED[ch] != -1;
}
private static bool isPunctuation(char ch)
{
return PUNCTUATION[ch] != -1;
}
private static bool isText(char ch)
{
return ch == '\t' || ch == '\n' || ch == '\r' || (ch >= 32 && ch <= 126);
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the number of consecutive characters that are encodable using numeric compaction.
///
/// <param name="msg">the message</param>
/// <param name="startpos">the start position within the message</param>
/// <returns>the requested character count</returns>
/// </summary>
private static int determineConsecutiveDigitCount(String msg, int startpos)
{
int count = 0;
int len = msg.Length;
int idx = startpos;
if (idx < len)
{
char ch = msg[idx];
while (isDigit(ch) && idx < len)
{
count++;
idx++;
if (idx < len)
{
ch = msg[idx];
}
}
}
return count;
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the number of consecutive characters that are encodable using text compaction.
///
/// <param name="msg">the message</param>
/// <param name="startpos">the start position within the message</param>
/// <returns>the requested character count</returns>
/// </summary>
private static int determineConsecutiveTextCount(String msg, int startpos)
{
int len = msg.Length;
int idx = startpos;
while (idx < len)
{
char ch = msg[idx];
int numericCount = 0;
while (numericCount < 13 && isDigit(ch) && idx < len)
{
numericCount++;
idx++;
if (idx < len)
{
ch = msg[idx];
}
}
if (numericCount >= 13)
{
return idx - startpos - numericCount;
}
if (numericCount > 0)
{
//Heuristic: All text-encodable chars or digits are binary encodable
continue;
}
ch = msg[idx];
//Check if character is encodable
if (!isText(ch))
{
break;
}
idx++;
}
return idx - startpos;
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the number of consecutive characters that are encodable using binary compaction.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">the message</param>
/// <param name="bytes">the message converted to a byte array</param>
/// <param name="startpos">the start position within the message</param>
/// <param name="encoding"></param>
/// <returns>the requested character count</returns>
private static int determineConsecutiveBinaryCount(String msg, byte[] bytes, int startpos, Encoding encoding)
{
int len = msg.Length;
int idx = startpos;
int idxb = idx; // bytes index (may differ from idx for utf-8 and other unicode encodings)
encoding = getEncoder(encoding);
while (idx < len)
{
char ch = msg[idx];
int numericCount = 0;
while (numericCount < 13 && isDigit(ch))
{
numericCount++;
//textCount++;
int i = idx + numericCount;
if (i >= len)
{
break;
}
ch = msg[i];
}
if (numericCount >= 13)
{
return idx - startpos;
}
ch = msg[idx];
// .Net fallback strategie: REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER 0x3F
if (bytes[idxb] == 63 && ch != '?')
{
throw new WriterException("Non-encodable character detected: " + ch + " (Unicode: " + (int) ch + ')');
}
idx++;
idxb++;
if (toBytes(ch, encoding).Length > 1) // for non-ascii symbols
idxb++;
}
return idx - startpos;
}
private static void encodingECI(int eci, StringBuilder sb)
{
if (eci >= 0 && eci < 900)
{
sb.Append((char) ECI_CHARSET);
sb.Append((char) eci);
}
else if (eci < 810900)
{
sb.Append((char) ECI_GENERAL_PURPOSE);
sb.Append((char) (eci/900 - 1));
sb.Append((char) (eci%900));
}
else if (eci < 811800)
{
sb.Append((char) ECI_USER_DEFINED);
sb.Append((char) (810900 - eci));
}
else
{
throw new WriterException("ECI number not in valid range from 0..811799, but was " + eci);
}
}
}
}
